We seem to be in the midst of some kind of paradigm shift in the way that
news is produced, packaged, and consumed. Increasing numbers of news shops
are beginning to display their ideologies in their windows. They continue
to give lip service to those cherished journalistic ideals of objectivity
and impartiality, but the actual news product is shot through with bias.
Mind you, it was ever thus; but now, many news organizations are less reverential
about the dogma of objectivity. For this we can thank right-wing media moguls
like Rupert Murdoch, Conrad Black, and Sun Myung Moon, who took over ailing
U.S. publications (New York Post, Chicago Sun-Times, and Washington
Times) and transformed them into vehicles of ideological cant. This new
posture was on grand display during the controversial 2000 presidential election.
The mainstream media (with the notable exception of the New York Times and
the Washington Post) resolutely ignored charges of vote suppression
that were flying fast and furious from Florida's black community.
This blindness to racial bias is given sanction by the notion of justifiable "race
fatigue," which is perpetrated by right-wing commentators and propagated
primarily by Murdoch's New York Post. Given this country's history
of race relations, it's not hard to understand why this notion is contagious.
Much of the major media is now infested with the right-wing malady of race
fatigue. Murdoch's News Corp. also owns the Fox News Channel, which has
distinguished itself from its cable news competitors--and won ratings success--by
flaunting a right-wing bias. But higher ratings spawn imitation, so we're
likely to see a further "righting" of cable news shows.
Indeed, television itself, with its one-dimensional messages and sound bite
sensibility, tends to reinforce and amplify the message of the right. At
least, that's the argument made by culture critic Jeffrey Scheuer in his
excellent new book, The Sound Bite Society: Television And The American
Mind. Scheuer argues that daily journalism, especially electronic journalism,
has "inclinations toward particularity, immediacy, and simplicity," which,
he argues, also "are defining features of conservatism."
The growing corporate control of all major media adds another level of difficulty
to what already is an uphill battle for those fighting for media democracy.
The constellations of forces arrayed against that fight seem daunting, and
even the best of the nonprofit progressive media are being tugged by the
undertow of the marketplace. As Thomas Frank argues in his eloquent new book, One
Market Under God, the logic of the marketplace has ascended to religious
heights; there can be no other God before It. Corporate news shops reason
that if profit is God's design, then mere social goals, like a well-informed
populace, are costly diversions. But the quest for profit has sapped the
budgets of newsrooms across the country, and some Americans are beginning
to demand that media be less beholden to corporate interests and become more
informative and contextual. Their numbers may be small, but according to
many media activist organizations, they are growing.
The primary burden of those seeking media democracy, however, is to increase
the diversity of voices in order to contextualize rather than atomize information.
Studies about the causal effect of media on violent behavior are at best
inconclusive, but studies about media's influence in the formation of social
attitudes and prejudices shows that it is, for the most part, deeply implicated
in our socialization process. So, rather then devote so much attention to
what may be a thin relation between media and violence, we should be much
more attentive to the power of media to help vanquish "the other," whoever
they are. Or, as Chicago activist and author Lowell Thompson instructs, we
must use the media to "unsell racism." The unholy alliance between
those who see profit as a God and the right-wing ideologues who are willing
to abandon the last pretenses of objectivity in corporate journalism shows
that only a truly independent, nonprofit-oriented media can make any real
progress in the struggle for a society that respects diversity--and fights
racism.
Salim Muwakkil is a senior editor at In These Times. |